2015年江蘇南京大學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)真題及答案

2015年江蘇南京大學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)真題及答案

題型有：1. Structure and Vocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. Chinese-English Translation

Structure and Vocabulary

1． The ambassador was accused of having______on domestic affairs.

A．trespassed

B．encroached

C．entrenched

D．invaded

正確答案：B

解析：近義詞詞義辨析。encroach，invade，trespass這三個(gè)詞均指損害他人權(quán)利，侵占其財(cái)產(chǎn)或侵犯別國(guó)的領(lǐng)土。encroach通常指蠶食，即逐漸地、不聲不響或偷偷摸摸地進(jìn)入別國(guó)的領(lǐng)土，或攫取別人的財(cái)物，侵犯他人的權(quán)利，常與介詞on或upon連用。invade暗示著明目張膽、兇殘與暴 行，常用來(lái)指一國(guó)武裝侵略另一國(guó)。也可用來(lái)指疾病、蟲(chóng)害的侵襲。trespass是個(gè)法律用語(yǔ)，指未經(jīng)許可進(jìn)入私人土地，或非法侵入，常與on或upon連用。句中提及侵犯他國(guó)內(nèi)政，encroach更加符合語(yǔ)境。entrench與on搭配使用時(shí)表示挖掘壕溝，與題意不符。故答案為B。  

2． The goal is to use crops, weeds and even animal waste______the petroleum that fuels much of American manufacturing.

A．in terms of

B．in favor of

C．in spite of

D．in place of

正確答案：D

解析：介詞詞組辨析。句中crops，weeds，animal waste與petroleum“石油”對(duì)比可知，這兩組是性質(zhì)不同的能源，由此可知空格處的詞組應(yīng)為“取代”的意思，選項(xiàng)中只有D表示“取代，替換”的意思。故答案為D。  

3． As computer security systems become even more advanced, ______the methods of those who try to break into them illegally.

A．so much do

B．so too do

C．a(chǎn)s much as

D．a(chǎn)s well as

正確答案：A

解析：語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。本句為主從復(fù)合句，空格處的句子為主句，選項(xiàng)C與選項(xiàng)D缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，可排除。選項(xiàng)B是錯(cuò)誤的結(jié)構(gòu)。選項(xiàng)A是so引導(dǎo)的部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，助動(dòng)詞do替代前面從句的謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。故答案為A。  

4． Parents with only one child tend to have higher academic______for their child.

A．a(chǎn)mbitions

B．intentions

C．propositions

D．a(chǎn)spirations

正確答案：A

解析：名詞詞義辨析。ambition“野心，報(bào)負(fù)”；intention“意圖，目的”；proposition“命題，提議”；aspiration“渴望，報(bào)負(fù)”。句中提及父母對(duì)兒女的期盼和渴望，故答案為A。  

5． A series of attempts______made, he came to realize that he had underestimated the enormity of the task.

A．were

B．to be

C．had been

D．having been

正確答案：D

解析：語(yǔ)法知識(shí)?？崭裉幨欠衷~的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)做狀語(yǔ)的用法，如果選擇選項(xiàng)A與選項(xiàng)C原句就出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)而沒(méi)有連詞連接，不符合句法。選項(xiàng)B表示一般時(shí)態(tài)，而根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，一系列的嘗試在認(rèn)識(shí)到問(wèn)題之前，空格中應(yīng)使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。只有D選項(xiàng)是分詞過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表被動(dòng)。故答案為D。  

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